Glass Prism
at what angle of incidence do we get angle of minimum deviation for a glass prism?
My optics text book gives the minimum deviation occurring at the angle of incidence where the ray traversing the prism forms an isosceles triangle with the apex of the prism, i.e. passes symmetrically through the prism. This is where the angle of refraction (air to glass) on the entry side equals the angle of incidence (glass to air) on the exit side.
To work it out you need to draw the general case and work up the expression for the deviation. You can show that the symmetrical case described above is required by invoking the fact that light rays must be reversible. In anything other than the symmetrical case there would be two angles of minimum deviation, depending on direction and that doesn’t happen.
If “A” is the angle of the apex of the prism and “i” is the angle of incidence on the entry side (air to glass) and the refractive index of the glass is “n” (assuming air is 1.0) then at minimum deviation,
sin i = n*sin (A/2)
The Glass Prism — Edgar Allan Poe -The Raven
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